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Ézéchiel 34

7 traductions · lu à travers 12 traditions.

NCB · Nouvelle Bible du Consensus

1The word of the LORD came to me, saying: 2"Son of man, prophesy against the shepherds of Israel. Prophesy, and say to them, to the shepherds, 'Thus says the Lord GOD: Woe to the shepherds of Israel who have been feeding themselves! Should the shepherds not feed the flock? 3You eat the fat, and you clothe yourselves with the wool; you slaughter the fatlings, but you do not feed the flock. 4The weak you have not strengthened, and the sick you have not healed, and the broken you have not bound up, and the driven away you have not brought back, and the lost you have not sought; but with force and with severity you have ruled them. 5And they scattered because there was no shepherd, and they became food for every wild beast of the field, and they scattered. 6My flock wandered through all the mountains and on every high hill. And over all the face of the earth my flock scattered, and there was no one searching, and there was no one seeking.' 7"Therefore, shepherds, hear the word of the LORD: 8'As I live,' says the Lord GOD, 'surely because my flock became plunder, and my flock became food for every wild beast of the field because there was no shepherd, and my shepherds did not seek my flock, but the shepherds fed themselves and did not feed my flock'— 9therefore, shepherds, hear the word of the LORD: 10Thus says the Lord GOD: 'Look, I am against the shepherds, and I will require my flock from their hand, and I will cause them to cease from feeding the flock. The shepherds will no longer feed themselves. And I will deliver my flock from their mouth, and they will not be food for them.' 11"For thus says the Lord GOD: 'Look, I myself, even I, will search for my flock and will seek them out. 12As a shepherd seeks out his flock in the day that he is among his scattered flock, so I will seek out my flock, and I will deliver them out of all the places where they scattered on a day of cloud and thick darkness. 13And I will bring them out from the peoples, and I will gather them from the countries, and I will bring them into their own land. And I will feed them on the mountains of Israel, by the watercourses, and in all the inhabited places of the land. 14In good pasture I will feed them, and on the high mountains of Israel will be their fold. There they will lie down in a good fold, and on rich pasture they will feed on the mountains of Israel. 15I myself will feed my flock, and I myself will cause them to lie down,' says the Lord GOD. 16'The lost I will seek, and the driven away I will bring back, and the broken I will bind up, and the sick I will strengthen; but the fat and the strong I will destroy. I will feed her in justice.' 17"And as for you, my flock, thus says the Lord GOD: 'Look, I judge between sheep and sheep, between rams and male goats. 18Is it a small thing to you that you feed on the good pasture, yet the rest of your pastures you must tread down with your feet? And that you drink of the clear waters, yet the rest you must foul with your feet? 19And my flock must eat what you have trodden with your feet, and they must drink what you have fouled with your feet.' 20"Therefore thus says the Lord GOD to them: 'Look, I myself, even I, will judge between a fat sheep and a lean sheep. 21Because you thrust with side and with shoulder, and push all the weak with your horns until you have scattered them outside, 22therefore I will save my flock, and they will no longer be plunder; and I will judge between sheep and sheep. 23And I will set up one shepherd over them, and he will feed them, even my servant David. He will feed them, and he will be their shepherd. 24And I, the LORD, will be their God, and my servant David a prince among them. I, the LORD, have spoken. 25"'And I will make a covenant of peace with them, and I will cause evil beasts to cease from the land, and they will dwell securely in the wilderness and sleep in the forests. 26And I will make them and the places around my hill a blessing; and I will cause the shower to come down in its season; there will be showers of blessing. 27And the tree of the field will yield its fruit, and the land will yield its produce, and they will be secure on their land. And they will know that I am the LORD, when I break the bars of their yoke, and I deliver them from the hand of those who enslaved them. 28And they will no longer be plunder to the nations, and the wild beast of the land will not devour them; but they will dwell securely, and there will be no one to make them afraid. 29And I will raise up for them a plantation for renown, and they will no longer be consumed by famine in the land, and they will no longer bear the shame of the nations. 30And they will know that I, the LORD their God, am with them, and that they, the house of Israel, are my people,' says the Lord GOD. 31'And you, my flock, the flock of my pasture, are men; I am your God,' says the Lord GOD."

Rendu généré par l’IA, et non une traduction humaine. Lire Ézéchiel 34 dans Nouvelle Bible du Consensus →

Ce sur quoi les traditions s’accordent

Across all families of the Christian faith, Ezekiel 34 is read as a historical indictment of Israel's corrupt royal and priestly leadership, serving as a timeless warning against Christian ministers who exploit their office for material gain while neglecting the vulnerable. Several traditions emphasize that God's ensuing promise to personally shepherd the flock while setting up His servant David is fulfilled in the Incarnation, providing comfort that believers' ultimate security rests in God… Connectez-vous pour lire le consensus complet →

Là où les traditions diffèrent

  • The appointment of 'one shepherd,' the servant David, affirms Christ's singular headship over the church, precluding the need for human ecclesiastical hierarchies.

    catholic: DENY; orthodox: DENY; oriental-orthodox: DENY; anglican: DENY; baptist: AFFIRM; anabaptist: AFFIRM; restorationist: AFFIRM

  • God's vow to destroy the 'fat and strong' while binding up the 'broken' models the proper theological distinction between the crushing work of the Law and the comforting work of the Gospel.

    orthodox: DENY; lutheran: AFFIRM

  • The 'good pastures,' the streams, and the 'covenant of peace' are typologically applied to the peace of the Church and the life-giving grace of the Sacraments.

    catholic: AFFIRM; oriental-orthodox: AFFIRM; lutheran: QUALIFY

  • The promised 'showers of blessing' typify the outpouring of the Holy Spirit, driving expectations of spiritual revival and charismatic empowerment.

    lutheran: QUALIFY; reformed: QUALIFY; baptist: QUALIFY; methodist: QUALIFY; pentecostal: AFFIRM

  • The 'covenant of peace' represents the New Covenant inaugurated at Pentecost, denoting the present spiritual realities of the church rather than a future earthly millennial kingdom.

    lutheran: QUALIFY; reformed: QUALIFY; methodist: QUALIFY; adventist: DENY; restorationist: AFFIRM

  • The 'covenant of peace' and secure dwelling in the wilderness point eschatologically to the ultimate restoration and physical security of the redeemed in the New Earth.

    reformed: QUALIFY; adventist: AFFIRM; restorationist: DENY

Comment chaque tradition l’interprète

Chaque lecture a été générée isolément — aucune tradition ne voit la réponse d’une autre.

Catholic

In its immediate prophetic context, Ezekiel delivers a blistering indictment against the 'shepherds of Israel'—the kings, priests, and civic leaders who exploited the people for personal gain while allowing the nation to be spiritually and physically scattered in the exile. Because these human leaders have failed, God announces a radical two-part intervention: first, Yahweh Himself will directly take over the shepherding of His flock, searching for the lost, healing the sick, and feeding them with justice. Second, He will set up 'one shepherd,' His servant David, to rule among them. This leads into a restored covenant of peace, bringing security, agricultural abundance, and a renewed divine presence among the people. Reception: The Catholic tradition reads Ezekiel 34 through a profoundly Christological, ecclesiological, and sacramental lens, drawing heavily on both Latin and Eastern Fathers. The central theological puzzle of the chapter—how God declares 'I myself will be the shepherd' (Ezekiel 34:11, 15) and yet promises to 'set up one shepherd over them... my servant David' (Ezekiel 34:23)—is received as a direct prophecy of the Incarnation. Theodoret of Cyrus and other Greek Fathers see this as the hypostatic union: Christ is both the divine Lord who gathers the flock and the descendant of David who acts as their prince. Ecclesiologically, the text serves as the foundational mirror for the Catholic episcopacy and priesthood. In the Latin West, Augustine’s extensive exposition in his Sermones heavily shapes clerical theology. He interprets the 'milk' (or fat) and 'wool' (Ezekiel 34:3) as the material stipends and earthly honors given to clergy. While receiving these is lawful, pastors become 'false shepherds' when they seek these comforts but fail to bind up the spiritually broken or correct the straying. In the Syriac and Eastern Catholic traditions, the focus heavily incorporates the sacramental life and ascetic healing. Aphrahat utilizes this chapter to instruct Christian pastors, reading the 'streams' and 'fat pastures' (Ezekiel 34:13-14) typologically as the mysteries of Baptism and the Eucharist, where Christ the Good Shepherd feeds His flock. Furthermore, the 'judgment between sheep and sheep' (Ezekiel 34:17) is received across the communion as an eschatological warning that belonging to the visible flock is insufficient for salvation if one oppresses the weak within the Church. The 'covenant of peace' and the banishment of 'evil beasts' (Ezekiel 34:25) are read spiritually as Christ’s victory over demonic forces and the pacification of sinful passions within the life of grace.

Eastern Orthodox

Ezekiel 34 functions as a prophetic oracle of judgment and restoration delivered during the Babylonian exile. It condemns Israel's leaders—kings, priests, and prophets, metaphorically cast as 'shepherds'—for exploiting the flock rather than caring for it. In response to this leadership failure, God announces that He will personally take over the shepherding of His people, rescuing them from the nations and restoring them to their land. The chapter concludes with the promise of a unified flock under 'one shepherd,' the servant David, inaugurated by a divine covenant of peace. Reception: The Eastern Orthodox tradition reads this chapter with a strong Christological and pastoral focus, deeply informed by the Septuagint (LXX) text. The promise that God Himself will search for and shepherd His sheep coupled with the appointment of the 'servant David' is understood as a direct prophecy of the Incarnation. Theodoret of Cyrus explicitly identifies this one shepherd as Christ, who unites the divine presence with the Davidic lineage. The LXX rendering of verse 16 significantly alters the text's reception in the East: where the Hebrew Masoretic text reads 'I will destroy the fat and the strong,' the LXX reads 'I will preserve [φυλάξω] the fat and the strong.' This shifts the theological emphasis to God's comprehensive, protective care for all conditions of the flock, pasturing them 'with judgment' rather than annihilating the healthy. Furthermore, the severe warning to the false shepherds became a foundational text for Orthodox pastoral theology. Gregory of Nazianzus utilizes these verses extensively to articulate the terrifying responsibility of the priesthood, defining the pastoral vocation by its duty to heal, bind up, and seek the lost.

Oriental Orthodox

In its immediate prophetic context, Ezekiel 34 functions as a sharp indictment against the leaders of Israel, who are depicted as corrupt shepherds who feed themselves while neglecting, exploiting, and scattering the flock (verses 1-10). In response to this failure, God declares that He will intervene directly to rescue His sheep, seeking the lost and binding up the injured (verses 11-16). He promises to judge between the sheep themselves, separating the fat oppressors from the lean victims (verses 17-22). The chapter culminates in the promise that God will establish one shepherd, 'my servant David,' over them, initiating a new covenant of peace characterized by secure dwelling, abundant blessings, and a permanent divine presence among the restored people (verses 23-31). Reception: Within the Oriental Orthodox tradition, this chapter is received as a profound typological witness to the Incarnation and the unity of Christ. The miaphysite Christology of the tradition reads the transition from God declaring 'I myself will be the shepherd' (verse 15) to His promise to 'set up one shepherd over them... my servant David' (verse 23) not as a delegation to a separate human figure, but as a direct prophecy of the one incarnate nature of God the Word. Cyril of Alexandria explicitly relies on this chapter to demonstrate that the divine Shepherd and the Son of David are a single, undivided reality. Furthermore, the Fathers of this tradition, such as Severus of Antioch, frequently read the denunciation of the false shepherds (verses 2-4) as a typological warning against heresiarchs who divide the Church with false teaching and scatter the flock, contrasting them with Christ, the true Shepherd who gathers the nations.

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Toutes les traductions

Le même chapitre dans 7 traductions du domaine public.

WEB · World English Bible

1Yahweh’s word came to me, saying, 2“Son of man, prophesy against the shepherds of Israel. Prophesy, and tell them, even the shepherds, ‘The Lord Yahweh says: “Woe to the shepherds of Israel who feed themselves! Shouldn’t the shepherds feed the sheep? 3You eat the fat. You clothe yourself with the wool. You kill the fatlings, but you don’t feed the sheep. 4You haven’t strengthened the diseased. You haven’t healed that which was sick. You haven’t bound up that which was broken. You haven’t brought back that which was driven away. You haven’t sought that which was lost, but you have ruled over them with force and with rigor. 5They were scattered, because there was no shepherd. They became food to all the animals of the field, and were scattered. 6My sheep wandered through all the mountains and on every high hill. Yes, my sheep were scattered on all the surface of the earth. There was no one who searched or sought.” 7“‘Therefore, you shepherds, hear Yahweh’s word: 8“As I live,” says the Lord Yahweh, “surely because my sheep became a prey, and my sheep became food to all the animals of the field, because there was no shepherd, and my shepherds didn’t search for my sheep, but the shepherds fed themselves, and didn’t feed my sheep, 9therefore, you shepherds, hear Yahweh’s word!” 10The Lord Yahweh says: “Behold, I am against the shepherds. I will require my sheep at their hand, and cause them to cease from feeding the sheep. The shepherds won’t feed themselves any more. I will deliver my sheep from their mouth, that they may not be food for them.” 11“‘For the Lord Yahweh says: “Behold, I myself, even I, will search for my sheep, and will seek them out. 12As a shepherd seeks out his flock in the day that he is among his sheep that are scattered abroad, so I will seek out my sheep. I will deliver them out of all places where they have been scattered in the cloudy and dark day. 13I will bring them out from the peoples, and gather them from the countries, and will bring them into their own land. I will feed them on the mountains of Israel, by the watercourses, and in all the inhabited places of the country. 14I will feed them with good pasture, and their fold will be on the mountains of the height of Israel. There they will lie down in a good fold. They will feed on rich pasture on the mountains of Israel. 15I myself will be the shepherd of my sheep, and I will cause them to lie down,” says the Lord Yahweh. 16“I will seek that which was lost, and will bring back that which was driven away, and will bind up that which was broken, and will strengthen that which was sick; but I will destroy the fat and the strong. I will feed them in justice.”’ 17“As for you, O my flock, the Lord Yahweh says: ‘Behold, I judge between sheep and sheep, the rams and the male goats. 18Does it seem a small thing to you to have fed on the good pasture, but you must tread down with your feet the residue of your pasture? And to have drunk of the clear waters, but must you foul the residue with your feet? 19As for my sheep, they eat that which you have trodden with your feet, and they drink that which you have fouled with your feet.’ 20“Therefore the Lord Yahweh says to them: ‘Behold, I, even I, will judge between the fat sheep and the lean sheep. 21Because you thrust with side and with shoulder, and push all the diseased with your horns, until you have scattered them abroad, 22therefore I will save my flock, and they will no more be a prey. I will judge between sheep and sheep. 23I will set up one shepherd over them, and he will feed them, even my servant David. He will feed them, and he will be their shepherd. 24I, Yahweh, will be their God, and my servant David prince among them. I, Yahweh, have spoken it. 25“‘I will make with them a covenant of peace, and will cause evil animals to cease out of the land. They will dwell securely in the wilderness and sleep in the woods. 26I will make them and the places around my hill a blessing. I will cause the shower to come down in its season. There will be showers of blessing. 27The tree of the field will yield its fruit, and the earth will yield its increase, and they will be secure in their land. Then they will know that I am Yahweh, when I have broken the bars of their yoke, and have delivered them out of the hand of those who made slaves of them. 28They will no more be a prey to the nations, neither will the animals of the earth devour them; but they will dwell securely, and no one will make them afraid. 29I will raise up to them a plantation for renown, and they will no more be consumed with famine in the land, and not bear the shame of the nations any more. 30They will know that I, Yahweh, their God am with them, and that they, the house of Israel, are my people, says the Lord Yahweh. 31You my sheep, the sheep of my pasture, are men, and I am your God,’ says the Lord Yahweh.”

KJV · King James Version

1And the word of the Lord came unto me, saying, 2Son of man, prophesy against the shepherds of Israel, prophesy, and say unto them, Thus saith the Lord God unto the shepherds; Woe be to the shepherds of Israel that do feed themselves! should not the shepherds feed the flocks? 3Ye eat the fat, and ye clothe you with the wool, ye kill them that are fed: but ye feed not the flock. 4The diseased have ye not strengthened, neither have ye healed that which was sick, neither have ye bound up that which was broken, neither have ye brought again that which was driven away, neither have ye sought that which was lost; but with force and with cruelty have ye ruled them. 5And they were scattered, because there is no shepherd: and they became meat to all the beasts of the field, when they were scattered. 6My sheep wandered through all the mountains, and upon every high hill: yea, my flock was scattered upon all the face of the earth, and none did search or seek after them. 7Therefore, ye shepherds, hear the word of the Lord; 8As I live, saith the Lord God, surely because my flock became a prey, and my flock became meat to every beast of the field, because there was no shepherd, neither did my shepherds search for my flock, but the shepherds fed themselves, and fed not my flock; 9Therefore, O ye shepherds, hear the word of the Lord; 10Thus saith the Lord God; Behold, I am against the shepherds; and I will require my flock at their hand, and cause them to cease from feeding the flock; neither shall the shepherds feed themselves any more; for I will deliver my flock from their mouth, that they may not be meat for them. 11For thus saith the Lord God; Behold, I, even I, will both search my sheep, and seek them out. 12As a shepherd seeketh out his flock in the day that he is among his sheep that are scattered; so will I seek out my sheep, and will deliver them out of all places where they have been scattered in the cloudy and dark day. 13And I will bring them out from the people, and gather them from the countries, and will bring them to their own land, and feed them upon the mountains of Israel by the rivers, and in all the inhabited places of the country. 14I will feed them in a good pasture, and upon the high mountains of Israel shall their fold be: there shall they lie in a good fold, and in a fat pasture shall they feed upon the mountains of Israel. 15I will feed my flock, and I will cause them to lie down, saith the Lord God. 16I will seek that which was lost, and bring again that which was driven away, and will bind up that which was broken, and will strengthen that which was sick: but I will destroy the fat and the strong; I will feed them with judgment. 17And as for you, O my flock, thus saith the Lord God; Behold, I judge between cattle and cattle, between the rams and the he goats. 18Seemeth it a small thing unto you to have eaten up the good pasture, but ye must tread down with your feet the residue of your pastures? and to have drunk of the deep waters, but ye must foul the residue with your feet? 19And as for my flock, they eat that which ye have trodden with your feet; and they drink that which ye have fouled with your feet. 20Therefore thus saith the Lord God unto them; Behold, I, even I, will judge between the fat cattle and between the lean cattle. 21Because ye have thrust with side and with shoulder, and pushed all the diseased with your horns, till ye have scattered them abroad; 22Therefore will I save my flock, and they shall no more be a prey; and I will judge between cattle and cattle. 23And I will set up one shepherd over them, and he shall feed them, even my servant David; he shall feed them, and he shall be their shepherd. 24And I the Lord will be their God, and my servant David a prince among them; I the Lord have spoken it. 25And I will make with them a covenant of peace, and will cause the evil beasts to cease out of the land: and they shall dwell safely in the wilderness, and sleep in the woods. 26And I will make them and the places round about my hill a blessing; and I will cause the shower to come down in his season; there shall be showers of blessing. 27And the tree of the field shall yield her fruit, and the earth shall yield her increase, and they shall be safe in their land, and shall know that I am the Lord, when I have broken the bands of their yoke, and delivered them out of the hand of those that served themselves of them. 28And they shall no more be a prey to the heathen, neither shall the beast of the land devour them; but they shall dwell safely, and none shall make them afraid. 29And I will raise up for them a plant of renown, and they shall be no more consumed with hunger in the land, neither bear the shame of the heathen any more. 30Thus shall they know that I the Lord their God am with them, and that they, even the house of Israel, are my people, saith the Lord God. 31And ye my flock, the flock of my pasture, are men, and I am your God, saith the Lord God.

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Différences qui changent le sens (84)
  • v1 [stylistic]: difference in phrasing for the introduction of the prophetic word — “And the” (KJV, ASV, DARBY, WEBSTER, DRC) vs “Yahweh’s” (WEB) vs “there is a” (YLT)
  • v2 [lexical]: preposition choice: 'against' vs 'concerning' — “against the” (WEB, KJV, ASV, DARBY, WEBSTER) vs “concerning” (YLT, DRC)
  • v2 [grammatical]: difference in framing the rhetorical question regarding feeding the flock — “should not” (KJV, ASV, DARBY, WEBSTER, DRC) vs “Shouldn’t” (WEB) vs “The flock do” (YLT)
  • v5 [grammatical]: syntactic phrasing for lacking a shepherd ('because there was no' vs 'from want of a') — “was” (WEB, ASV, DARBY, DRC) vs “because there is no” (KJV, WEBSTER) vs “from want of a” (YLT)
  • v5 [grammatical]: difference in conjunction or temporal framing ('and' vs 'when they were' vs 'yea') — “and” (WEB, ASV, DARBY, DRC) vs “when they were” (KJV, WEBSTER) vs “Yea are” (YLT)
  • v6 [lexical]: (vv 6, 13) preposition choice ('upon' vs 'on' vs 'in') — “upon” (KJV, ASV, DARBY, WEBSTER) vs “on” (WEB, YLT) vs “in” (DRC)
  • v6 [lexical]: translation of 'face' vs 'surface' of the earth — “face” (KJV, ASV, YLT, DARBY, WEBSTER, DRC) vs “surface” (WEB)
  • v7 [stylistic]: (vv 7, 9) phrasing of 'the word of the Lord' vs 'Yahweh's word' — “the” (KJV, ASV, DARBY, WEBSTER, DRC) vs “Yahweh’s” (WEB) vs “a” (YLT)
  • v8 [stylistic]: (vv 8, 15, 31) verb formulation ('saith' vs 'says' vs 'an affirmation of') — “saith” (KJV, ASV, DARBY, WEBSTER, DRC) vs “says” (WEB) vs “an affirmation of” (YLT)
  • v8 [lexical]: handling of divine titles and conjunctions introducing the divine oath — “God surely because” (KJV, WEBSTER) vs “Yahweh” (WEB) vs “Jehovah forasmuch as” (ASV) vs “Jehovah If not of” (YLT) vs “Jehovah verily” (DARBY) vs “forasmuch as” (DRC)
  • v8 [lexical]: choice of 'sheep' vs 'flock' and verb phrasing — “sheep” (WEB, ASV) vs “flock became” (KJV, WEBSTER) vs “being for” (YLT) vs “sheep have been” (DARBY) vs “flocks have been made” (DRC)
  • v8 [lexical]: word choice for what the flock became ('prey' vs 'spoil') and conjunctions — “prey and” (WEB, KJV, ASV, DARBY, WEBSTER) vs “Yea” (YLT) vs “spoil” (DRC)
  • v8 [lexical]: translation of 'beasts' vs 'animals' and modifier ('every' vs 'all the') — “every beast” (KJV, YLT, DARBY, WEBSTER) vs “all the beasts” (ASV, DRC) vs “all the animals” (WEB)
  • v8 [grammatical]: choice of conjunction connecting clauses — “and” (WEB, YLT, DARBY) vs “neither did” (KJV, ASV, WEBSTER) vs “for” (DRC)
  • v8 [grammatical]: verb formulation for the failure to seek the flock — “search for” (KJV, ASV, WEBSTER) vs “didn’t” (WEB) vs “have not sought” (YLT) vs “searched not” (DARBY) vs “did not seek after” (DRC)
  • v8 [lexical]: choice of 'flock' vs 'sheep' and conjunctions — “flock but” (KJV, DARBY, WEBSTER, DRC) vs “sheep” (WEB, ASV) vs “And” (YLT)
  • v8 [lexical]: choice of 'flock(s)' vs 'sheep' or verbal phrasing — “flock” (KJV, DARBY, WEBSTER) vs “sheep” (WEB, ASV) vs “they have not fed” (YLT) vs “flocks” (DRC)
  • v10 [lexical]: (vv 10, 11) handling of divine titles and the interjection ('Behold' vs 'Lo') — “God Behold” (KJV, WEBSTER, DRC) vs “Jehovah” (ASV, DARBY) vs “Yahweh says” (WEB) vs “Jehovah Lo” (YLT)
  • v10 [lexical]: phrase for divine opposition ('am against' vs 'myself come upon') — “am against” (WEB, KJV, ASV, YLT, DARBY, WEBSTER) vs “myself come upon” (DRC)
  • v10 [lexical]: word choice for the flock/sheep and preposition ('at' vs 'from') — “sheep” (WEB, ASV, DARBY) vs “flock at” (KJV, WEBSTER) vs “from” (YLT) vs “hock” (DRC)
  • v10 [grammatical]: verb tense/form ('cause' vs 'caused' vs 'I will') — “cause” (WEB, KJV, ASV, DARBY, WEBSTER) vs “caused” (YLT) vs “I will” (DRC)
  • v10 [grammatical]: syntactic phrasing for the cessation of the shepherds feeding the flock — “sheep” (WEB, ASV) vs “flock neither shall” (KJV, WEBSTER) vs “And no more do” (YLT) vs “that” (DARBY) vs “any more” (DRC)
  • v10 [lexical]: (vv 10, 15) choice of 'flock' vs 'sheep' — “flock” (KJV, YLT, WEBSTER, DRC) vs “sheep” (WEB, ASV, DARBY)
  • v11 [lexical]: translation of the verb for seeking/visiting the flock — “will” (WEB, ASV) vs “seek them out” (KJV, WEBSTER) vs “I have sought it” (YLT) vs “tend” (DARBY) vs “will visit” (DRC)
  • v12 [lexical]: translation of the verb describing a shepherd looking after his flock — “a shepherd seeketh out” (KJV, ASV, WEBSTER) vs “seeks” (WEB) vs “shepherd's searching of” (YLT) vs “tendeth” (DARBY) vs “the visiteth” (DRC)
  • v12 [lexical]: word choice for the animals ('flock' vs 'drove') — “flock” (WEB, KJV, ASV, DARBY, WEBSTER) vs “drove” (YLT) vs “hock” (DRC)
  • v12 [lexical]: verb choice for divine care ('seek out' vs 'tend' vs 'visit') — “seek out” (KJV, ASV, WEBSTER) vs “will” (WEB) vs “do” (YLT) vs “tend” (DARBY) vs “visit” (DRC)
  • v12 [grammatical]: syntactic arrangement of pronouns and verbs regarding deliverance — “sheep and will deliver” (KJV, DARBY, WEBSTER, DRC) vs “I” (WEB, ASV) vs “flock have delivered” (YLT)
  • v12 [stylistic]: relative adverb choice ('where' vs 'whither') — “where” (WEB, KJV, WEBSTER, DRC) vs “whither” (ASV, YLT, DARBY)
  • v13 [grammatical]: plural vs singular translation ('peoples' vs 'people') — “peoples” (WEB, ASV, YLT, DARBY, DRC) vs “people” (KJV, WEBSTER)
  • v13 [grammatical]: verb tense/auxiliary ('gather' vs 'have gathered' vs 'will gather') — “gather” (WEB, KJV, ASV, DARBY, WEBSTER) vs “have gathered” (YLT) vs “will” (DRC)
  • v13 [lexical]: preposition choice ('from' vs 'out of') — “from” (WEB, KJV, ASV, YLT, DARBY, WEBSTER) vs “out of” (DRC)
  • v13 [lexical]: preposition choice ('to' vs 'into' vs 'unto') — “to” (KJV, DARBY, WEBSTER, DRC) vs “into” (WEB, ASV) vs “unto” (YLT)
  • v13 [grammatical]: clause connection and verb tense — “I will” (WEB, ASV, DARBY, DRC) vs “land and feed” (KJV, WEBSTER) vs “ground have fed” (YLT)
  • v13 [lexical]: translation of natural waterways ('rivers' vs 'watercourses' vs 'streams') — “the rivers” (KJV, WEBSTER, DRC) vs “watercourses” (WEB, ASV) vs “streams” (YLT) vs “water-courses” (DARBY)
  • v13 [lexical]: word choice for living areas ('inhabited places' vs 'dwellings' vs 'habitable') — “the inhabited places” (WEB, KJV, ASV, WEBSTER) vs “dwellings” (YLT) vs “habitable” (DARBY) vs “habitations” (DRC)
  • v13 [lexical]: word choice ('country' vs 'land') — “country” (WEB, KJV, ASV, DARBY, WEBSTER) vs “land” (YLT, DRC)
  • v15 [lexical]: (vv 15, 24, 30, 31) translation of the divine name — “God” (KJV, WEBSTER, DRC) vs “Jehovah” (ASV, YLT, DARBY) vs “Yahweh” (WEB)
  • v16 [grammatical]: presence and arrangement of the first-person pronoun and auxiliary — “will” (WEB, KJV, ASV, DARBY, WEBSTER) vs “the broken I” (YLT) vs “I” (DRC)
  • v16 [textual]: MT 'destroy' vs versional 'preserve' — “will” (WEB, KJV, DARBY, WEBSTER) vs “destroy I will” (ASV) vs “destroy I” (YLT) vs “preserve and I will” (DRC)
  • v16 [lexical]: word choice for the manner of feeding ('with judgment' vs 'in justice') — “them with judgment” (KJV, DARBY, WEBSTER) vs “in justice” (WEB, ASV) vs “it” (YLT) vs “in” (DRC)
  • v17 [lexical]: handling of divine titles and interjections — “God Behold” (KJV, WEBSTER, DRC) vs “Jehovah” (ASV, DARBY) vs “Yahweh says” (WEB) vs “Jehovah Lo” (YLT)
  • v17 [lexical]: (vv 17, 20, 22) translation of the animals ('sheep' vs 'cattle') — “sheep” (WEB, ASV, YLT, DARBY) vs “cattle” (KJV, WEBSTER, DRC)
  • v17 [lexical]: translation of the animals ('sheep' vs 'cattle') and prepositions — “sheep” (WEB, ASV, YLT, DARBY) vs “cattle between the” (KJV, WEBSTER) vs “of” (DRC)
  • v17 [lexical]: word choice for male animals ('he-goats' vs 'male' goats) — “he-goats” (ASV, YLT, DARBY, WEBSTER) vs “male” (WEB) vs “the he goats” (KJV) vs “of” (DRC)
  • v18 [lexical]: verb choice for the rhetorical question ('Seemeth' vs 'Is' vs 'Does' vs 'Was') — “Seemeth” (KJV, ASV, WEBSTER) vs “Is” (YLT, DARBY) vs “Does” (WEB) vs “Was” (DRC)
  • v18 [lexical]: phrasing of the rhetorical idiom ('a small thing' vs 'not enough') — “a small thing unto” (KJV, ASV) vs “seem to” (WEB) vs “little for” (YLT) vs “too a” (DARBY) vs “to” (WEBSTER) vs “not enough for” (DRC)
  • v18 [lexical]: word choice for what is left behind ('residue' vs 'rest' vs 'remainder') — “residue” (WEB, KJV, ASV, WEBSTER) vs “rest” (DARBY, DRC) vs “remainder” (YLT)
  • v20 [lexical]: handling of the prophetic formula and pronouns/particles — “Yahweh says to” (WEB) vs “God unto them Behold” (KJV) vs “Jehovah” (ASV) vs “Jehovah to Lo” (YLT) vs “Jehovah it is” (DARBY) vs “to” (WEBSTER) vs “to you” (DRC)
  • v20 [grammatical]: verb tense/form and inclusion of reflexive/emphatic pronouns — “even I will judge” (WEB, KJV, ASV, WEBSTER) vs “have judged” (YLT) vs “and” (DARBY) vs “myself” (DRC)
  • v21 [grammatical]: singular vs plural form of 'side(s)' — “side” (WEB, KJV, ASV, YLT, DARBY, WEBSTER) vs “sides” (DRC)
  • v21 [grammatical]: singular vs plural form of 'shoulder(s)' and phrasing — “with shoulder” (WEB, KJV, ASV, DARBY, WEBSTER) vs “ye thrust away” (YLT) vs “shoulders” (DRC)
  • v21 [grammatical]: conjunction and verbal framing of the scattering action — “till ye have” (KJV, ASV, DARBY, WEBSTER) vs “until you” (WEB) vs “push all the diseased” (YLT) vs “they were” (DRC)
  • v22 [grammatical]: verb choice and tense for delivering the flock ('save' vs 'will' vs 'have given safety') — “will” (WEB, DARBY, DRC) vs “save” (KJV, ASV, WEBSTER) vs “have given safety to” (YLT)
  • v23 [grammatical]: auxiliary/tense for feeding the flock ('shall feed' vs 'will' vs 'hath fed') — “shall feed” (KJV, ASV, DARBY, WEBSTER, DRC) vs “will” (WEB) vs “hath fed” (YLT)
  • v23 [grammatical]: auxiliary choice ('shall' vs 'will' vs 'doth') — “shall” (KJV, ASV, DARBY, WEBSTER, DRC) vs “will” (WEB) vs “doth” (YLT)
  • v23 [grammatical]: verb tense/auxiliary ('shall be' vs 'will' vs 'is') — “shall be” (KJV, ASV, DARBY, WEBSTER, DRC) vs “will” (WEB) vs “is” (YLT)
  • v24 [lexical]: translation of the divine name and verb formulation — “the Lord will be” (KJV, WEBSTER, DRC) vs “Jehovah” (ASV, DARBY) vs “Yahweh” (WEB) vs “Jehovah I am” (YLT)
  • v24 [lexical]: prepositional phrase choice ('among' vs 'in the midst of') — “among them” (WEB, KJV, ASV, WEBSTER) vs “in their midst” (YLT, DARBY) vs “in the midst of” (DRC)
  • v25 [lexical]: word choice for wild creatures ('beasts' vs 'animals') — “beasts” (KJV, ASV, YLT, DARBY, WEBSTER, DRC) vs “animals” (WEB)
  • v25 [lexical]: article usage and phrasing around dwelling ('the' vs 'a' vs 'safety in') — “the” (WEB, KJV, ASV, WEBSTER, DRC) vs “a” (YLT) vs “safety in” (DARBY)
  • v25 [grammatical]: verb tense and modification for sleeping safely — “and sleep” (WEB, KJV, ASV, DARBY, WEBSTER) vs “confidently they have slept” (YLT) vs “shall secure” (DRC)
  • v25 [lexical]: word choice ('woods' vs 'forests') — “the woods” (WEB, KJV, ASV, DARBY, WEBSTER) vs “forests” (YLT, DRC)
  • v26 [grammatical]: pronoun gender ('its' vs 'his') — “its” (WEB, ASV, YLT, DARBY, WEBSTER, DRC) vs “his” (KJV)
  • v27 [grammatical]: pronoun gender and auxiliary ('its' vs 'her') — “its” (ASV, YLT, DARBY, DRC) vs “shall yield her” (KJV, WEBSTER) vs “will its” (WEB)
  • v27 [lexical]: translation of 'earth'/'land' and the possessive pronoun — “earth shall yield her” (KJV, WEBSTER, DRC) vs “its” (ASV, DARBY) vs “will its” (WEB) vs “land doth give” (YLT)
  • v27 [grammatical]: syntactic framing of recognizing God's authority ('and shall know' vs 'Then they will' etc.) — “and shall know” (KJV, DARBY, WEBSTER) vs “Then they will” (WEB) vs “they” (ASV) vs “confident they have known” (YLT) vs “without fear they” (DRC)
  • v27 [lexical]: word choice for the yoke's restraints ('bands' vs 'bars' vs 'bonds') — “bands” (KJV, YLT, DARBY, WEBSTER) vs “bars” (WEB, ASV) vs “bonds” (DRC)
  • v27 [interpretive]: translation of those who enslaved them ('served themselves of' vs 'made slaves/bondmen' vs 'rule over') — “who made slaves” (WEB) vs “that served themselves of” (KJV) vs “made bondmen” (ASV) vs “laying service on” (YLT) vs “kept” (DARBY) vs “subjected” (WEBSTER) vs “rule over” (DRC)
  • v28 [grammatical]: verb auxiliary/tense ('shall' vs 'will' vs 'are' vs 'be') — “shall” (KJV, ASV, DARBY, WEBSTER) vs “will” (WEB) vs “are” (YLT) vs “be” (DRC)
  • v28 [lexical]: word choice ('prey' vs 'spoil') — “prey” (WEB, KJV, ASV, YLT, DARBY, WEBSTER) vs “spoil” (DRC)
  • v28 [lexical]: translation of 'nations'/'heathen' and syntactic arrangement — “nations” (ASV, DARBY, DRC) vs “the heathen neither shall” (KJV, WEBSTER) vs “nations will” (WEB) vs “nations And” (YLT)
  • v28 [lexical]: word choice and grammatical number ('beast(s)' vs 'animals') — “beast” (KJV, YLT, DARBY, WEBSTER) vs “beasts” (ASV, DRC) vs “animals” (WEB)
  • v28 [lexical]: translation of 'earth' vs 'land' and following verb — “earth” (WEB, ASV, DARBY, DRC) vs “land devour” (KJV, WEBSTER) vs “earth devoureth” (YLT)
  • v29 [grammatical]: preposition and verb tense for raising up a plant/plantation — “will raise up for” (KJV, DARBY, WEBSTER, DRC) vs “to” (WEB) vs “unto” (ASV) vs “have raised” (YLT)
  • v29 [lexical]: word choice for the vegetation ('plant' vs 'plantation' vs 'bud') — “plant of” (KJV, DARBY, WEBSTER) vs “plantation for” (WEB, ASV) vs “for” (YLT) vs “bud” (DRC)
  • v29 [grammatical]: verb tense/auxiliary ('shall be' vs 'will' vs 'are') — “shall be” (KJV, ASV, DARBY, WEBSTER, DRC) vs “will” (WEB) vs “are” (YLT)
  • v29 [lexical]: word choice and prepositions ('famine' vs 'with hunger' vs 'by hunger') — “famine” (WEB, ASV, DRC) vs “with hunger” (KJV, DARBY, WEBSTER) vs “by” (YLT)
  • v29 [grammatical]: conjunction formulation ('neither' vs 'and not' vs 'And they') — “neither” (KJV, ASV, DARBY, WEBSTER) vs “and not” (WEB) vs “And they” (YLT) vs “shall they” (DRC)
  • v29 [lexical]: word choice ('shame' vs 'ignominy' vs 'reproach') — “shame” (WEB, KJV, ASV, YLT, WEBSTER) vs “ignominy” (DARBY) vs “reproach” (DRC)
  • v29 [lexical]: translation of 'nations' vs 'heathen' vs 'Gentiles' — “nations” (WEB, ASV, YLT, DARBY) vs “heathen any more” (KJV, WEBSTER) vs “Gentiles” (DRC)
  • v30 [grammatical]: verb tense/auxiliary ('shall' vs 'will' vs 'have known') — “shall” (ASV, DARBY, DRC) vs “know” (KJV, WEBSTER) vs “will” (WEB) vs “have known” (YLT)
  • v31 [stylistic]: pronoun choice ('ye' vs 'You') — “And ye” (KJV, ASV, YLT, DARBY, WEBSTER) vs “You” (WEB, DRC)
  • v31 [lexical]: translation of the animals ('flock' vs 'sheep' vs 'flocks') — “flock” (KJV, YLT, DARBY, WEBSTER) vs “sheep” (WEB, ASV) vs “flocks” (DRC)

Derrière cette page

Texte source. Hebrew/Aramaic (Westminster Leningrad Codex tradition, via STEPBible TAHOT). Hebrew text from the Westminster Leningrad Codex.

Noms divins : YHWH (the LORD), Elohim (God) — render YHWH and Elohim distinguishably.

Également consultées, mais non incluses dans le consensus

Academic textual-historical analysis

Ezekiel 34 functions as a prophetic oracle leveraging the pervasive ancient Near Eastern metaphor of the king as a shepherd. The text systematically indicts the historical shepherds of Israel (the monarchy and leadership) for exploiting the flock (the people) rather than providing justice and protection (vv. 2-6). Because of this systemic failure, Yahweh announces the removal of the human shepherds to assume direct pastoral care of the flock, promising to seek the lost, heal the injured, and judge the strong (vv. 7-16). The judgment then shifts from the leaders to the elite within the community, condemning the fat sheep who oppress the lean (vv. 17-22). The chapter culminates in a vision of restoration: Yahweh will appoint a single Davidic servant and prince (nasi) to feed them (vv. 23-24), inaugurating a covenant of peace characterized by agricultural abundance, security from predators, and the definitive recognition of Yahweh's presence among them (vv. 25-31).

Jewish interpretation

Ezekiel addresses the socio-political collapse of Judah, placing the blame squarely on its leadership. The metaphor of the shepherd is utilized to indict the kings and leaders who consumed the nation's resources instead of protecting the vulnerable. Because of their negligence, the flock (Israel) was scattered and preyed upon. Consequently, God promises to relieve the corrupt leaders, personally seek out His scattered people, and differentiate between the aggressive and the victimized within the flock. He will then establish a singular, restorative leadership under His servant David, enacting a covenant of peace marked by agricultural abundance and national security.

Latter-day Saint

Ezekiel pronounces a prophetic woe upon the corrupt leaders ('shepherds') of Israel who have exploited the flock, feeding themselves while neglecting the sick, broken, and lost (verses 1-10). Because the flock has been scattered and preyed upon, the Lord declares that He will personally intervene to seek out, deliver, and gather His sheep from where they were scattered in a 'cloudy and dark day' (verses 11-16). God promises to judge between the fat and lean sheep, removing the oppressive beasts, and establishing 'one shepherd over them, and he shall feed them, even my servant David' (verses 17-24). The chapter concludes with the promise of a 'covenant of peace,' resulting in a secure, fruitful, and globally respected dwelling for Israel, wherein they will know that the Lord is their God (verses 25-31).

Jehovah's Witnesses

In Ezekiel 34, the prophet delivers a severe judgment against the leaders of Israel, comparing them to selfish shepherds who exploit and scatter the flock. In contrast, Jehovah declares that he himself will search for his sheep, rescue them, and provide for them. He promises to judge between the sheep and to appoint his servant David as the one shepherd over them, establishing a covenant of peace that brings security, agricultural abundance, and deliverance from their enemies.

Choix de traduction effectués par la NCB (21)
  • v1: The — Drops the initial conjunction for modern stylistic flow while preserving the dignity of the formula.
  • v2: against — Fits the explicitly condemnatory context established by 'Woe to the shepherds'.
  • v2: Should the shepherds not — Avoids contractions for a dignified register while accurately rendering the interrogative particle.
  • v4: severity — Provides a precise translation for parek, capturing the harshness of the systemic exploitation.
  • v5: scattered — Translates as an active intransitive verb, mirroring the inclusio exactly.
  • v5: every wild beast — Highlights the predatory danger facing the unprotected flock.
  • v6: face — Retains the literal idiom which functions perfectly in contemporary English.
  • v8: As I live — Standard dignified rendering of the divine oath formula.
  • v8: plunder — Describes the forceful taking of the sheep by predators or enemies without relying on archaic senses.
  • v10: Look — Replaces the archaic 'Behold' as strictly required while preserving the presentational particle.
  • v11: Look, I myself, even I — Replaces the archaic 'Behold' as required, and maintains the forceful emphatic double pronoun.
  • v12: on a day of cloud and thick darkness — Preserves the distinct nouns and the poetic alliteration in English.
  • v16: destroy — Follows the Masoretic Text over the versional reading.
  • v16: feed her — Preserves the 3fs singular suffix which refers back to the collective flock.
  • v17: Look — Replaces the archaic 'Behold' as strictly required.
  • v17: sheep and sheep — Maintains the consistent pastoral vocabulary rather than shifting to generalized livestock.
  • v20: Look — Replaces the archaic 'Behold' as strictly required.
  • v21: weak — Translates the participle referring to those lacking physical strength to withstand aggression.
  • v24: prince — Preserves the deliberate use of the title nasi over melek (king), reflecting exilic political theology.
  • v27: enslaved them — Directly and forcefully conveys the meaning of the phrase concerning oppressive servitude.
  • v31: you, my flock — Modernizes the pronoun while retaining the singular collective noun for the entire group.
Limites à connaître
  • This is AI-generated and source-grounded, and it is approved by no community that holds these traditions.
  • The readings were produced in isolated calls that do not see one another. Isolation prevents anchoring; it does not make them independent witnesses.
  • The Nicene-Trinitarian boundary, and the decision not to seat non-denominational Evangelicalism separately (it is a cross-traditional movement already present within several voting profiles), are editorial choices.
  • The roster, the grouping into three families, and the rule that families (not seat counts) carry consensus all shape the result. A different roster would produce a different synthesis.
  • One profile cannot exhaust a tradition; the synthesis reflects what the profiles said, not everything the traditions hold.
  • The non-voting panels (Academic, Jewish) never vote; LDS and Jehovah's Witness readings are a comparative appendix only.
  • Any profiles excluded for this chapter after failing the audit are named on the page and removed from the eligible roster for it.
  • The rendering is unreviewed by any tradition, and every contested wording it settled is listed in Choices Made — where the text forced a decision, the decision is documented rather than hidden behind a claim of preserved ambiguity.

Voir la démarche complète étape par étape → · Généré par l’IA le Oct 21, 2026, gemini-3.1-pro-preview (high thinking) — every stage, v4 spec + Addendum B (claim-audited, cross-stage-checked)